Age at menopause in Latin America.
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
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Castelo-Branco Camil, Blümel Juan E, Chedraui Peter, Calle Andrés, Bocanera Roberto, Depiano Eduardo, Figueroa-Casas Pedro, Gonzalez Carlos, Martino Mabel, Royer Monique, Zuñiga Cristina, Dulon Alfredo, Espinoza María T, Futchner Carlos, Mostajo Desireé, Soto Edwin, Albernaz Marco A, Aravena Hernán, Busquets Maritza, Campodonico Italo, Germain Alfredo, Alba Alcira, Baron Germán, Gomez Gustavo, Monterrosa Alvaro, Onatra Williams, Broutin Gerardo, Manzano Blanca, Gabriela Ayala, Hidalgo Luis, Leon Patricia, Orbea Marcos, Sanchez Hugo, Vallejo Soledad, Vallecillo Gaspar, Hernandez-Bueno José, Motta Eduardo, Andrade Rafael, Tserotas Konstantinos, Gonzalez Mario C, Benitez Zully, Calle Elena, Danckers Luis, Del Castillo Angélica, Izaguirre Humberto, Ojeda Eliana, Rojas Juan, Bencosme Ascanio, Lima Selva, Motta Eduardo, Figueroa-Casas Pedro
Аннотация
DESIGN: A total of 17,150 healthy women, aged 40 to 59 years, accompanying patients to healthcare centers in 47 cities of 15 Latin American countries, were surveyed regarding their age, educational level, healthcare coverage, history of gynecological surgery, smoking habit, presence of menses, and the use of contraception or hormone therapy at menopause. The AM was calculated using logit analysis.
RESULTS: The mean age of the entire sample was 49.4 +/- 5.5 years. Mean educational level was 9.9 +/- 4.5 years, and the use of hormone therapy and oral contraception was 22.1% and 7.9%, respectively. The median AM of women in all centers was 48.6 years, ranging from 43.8 years in Asuncion (Paraguay) to 53 years in Cartagena de Indias (Colombia). Logistic regression analysis determined that women aged 49 living in cities at 2,000 meters or more above sea level (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.4-2.9, P < 0.001) and those with lower educational level (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3-2.8, P < 0.001) or living in countries with low gross national product (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.5-2.9, P < 0.001) were more prone to an earlier onset of menopause.
CONCLUSIONS: The AM varies widely in Latin America. Lower income and related poverty conditions influence the onset of menopause.