Sonodynamically-induced in vitro cell damage enhanced by adriamycin.

Sonodynamically-induced cell damage and active oxygen generation enhanced by adriamycin (ADM) were compared in the same in vitro insonation set-up. Significant enhancement of the rates of both ultrasonically-induced cell damage and nitroxide generation was demonstrated with 40-160 microM ADM. Both rates correlated very well resulting in a correlation coefficient of more than 0.99. The enhancement of both rates was suppressed by 10 mM histidine. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that ultrasonically-generated active oxygen plays a major role in the sonodynamically-induced cell damage enhanced by ADM.