Treatment of pulmonary infection of extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii with intravenous colistin sulfate combined with atomization: a case report.

Extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDRAB) pulmonary infection is a serious respiratory system infection. Patients are often very sick and even need to be admitted to the ICU for treatment. In this case report, we presented our treatment experience of one XDRAB pulmonary infection patient. A 71-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital complaining of "fatigue accompanied by fever for 2 days and shortness of breath for 1 day". The patient's admission diagnosis was as follows: severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, I type respiratory failure, septic shock, cardiac insufficiency, liver insufficiency, and hypertension. Imipenem/cilastatin sodium combined with moxifloxacin were first applied. Then, tigecycline, imipenem/cilastatin and caspofungin were used. The drug sensitivity results suggested that the XDRAB strain of this patient's sputum culture was sensitive to polymyxin only. Thus, colistin sulfate and cefoperazone/sulbactam were applied. The medication process of the patient was monitored. We found that a colistin sulfate intravenous injection combined with aerosol route combined with cefoperazone/sulbactam was effective in the treatment of XDRAB pulmonary infection, and no adverse drug reactions were observed during the treatment. The anti-infection therapy of intravenous colistin sulfate combined with nebulization and cefoperazone/sulbactam could be a good choice for the treatment of XDRAB lung infections.