A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing the use of merocel nasal tampons and BIPP in the control of acute epistaxis.

A prospective study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of Merocel nasal tampons to BIPP (Bismuth Subnitrate and Iodoform Paste) impregnated ribbon gauze in the control of acute epistaxis requiring hospital admission. A total of 50 patients presenting with severe epistaxis was treated with either merocel nasal tampons, or BIPP. The groups did not differ significantly in terms of age, sex distribution, aetiology or severity of the bleed. There was no significant difference in efficacy or patient tolerance of either treatment. It was concluded that Merocel nasal tampons should be considered effective in the first line treatment of severe epistaxis uncontrolled by simple measures. Their ease of insertion makes them suitable for use in the accident and emergency department or in general practice.