Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2025
Unveiling the gastroprotective effect of the ethyl acetate fraction of Cordia africana Lam. roots against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and Helicobacterpylori.
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Mohsen Engy, El Fishawy Ahlam M, Salama Abeer, Elgohary Rania, Refaat Ahmed, Elgamal Abdelbaset M, Younis Inas Y, Kamal Rania M
Аннотация
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Traditionally, Cordia africana Lam. roots, have been used in the treatment of gastro-intestinal complaints and the management of peptic ulcer diseases.
AIM OF THE STUDY: Quantitative determination of Cordia africana Lam. roots constituents was performed to investigate their phytochemical composition and their anti-ulcer mechanism.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cordia africana Lam. roots were subjected to extraction and fractionation. Antimicrobial activities of the extract and its factions were tested against Helicobacter pylori, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured. Then, an in vivo ethanol-induced model in rats was performed (at two tested doses: 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and pantoprazol 10 mg/kg against ethanol 5 mL/kg by oral gavage) with subsequent histopathological analysis. Oxidative and gastric inflammatory markers were measured. The phytochemical profile was confirmed using quantitative High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Finally, molecular docking was performed to investigate the binding mode among the most abundant quantified compounds, viz., kaempferol, myricetin, naringenin, quercetin, and rosmarinic acid and three chosen proteins.
RESULTS: Among the tested fractions, Cordia africana ethyl acetate fraction (CAEt) gave the least MIC (7.82 μg/mL). Besides, at its high dose (400 mg/kg; orally), CAEt significantly reduced the ulcer number and severity by 26 % each, lowered malondialdehyde by 39 %, and increased glutathione and prostaglandin E2 levels by 92 % and 27 %, respectively, compared to pantoprazol. It exhibited similar potency to pantoprazol in decreasing tumor necrosis factor-alpha and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1, while it significantly decreased nuclear factor-kappa B more than pantoprazol by 7 %. Nineteen compounds were quantified using HPLC, showing that phenolic compounds and flavonoids were the most abundant phytoconstituents. In-silico molecular docking screening revealed the interaction between the five most quantified compounds and nuclear factor kappa B, prostaglandin E2, and tumor necrosis factor alpha proteins.
CONCLUSION: CAEt possesses potent gastroprotective properties via the reduction of gastric ulcer severity, decreasing oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers in ethanol-induced stomach damage. CAEt could be a promising candidate for gastric ulcer treatment and further studies on gastric-related diseases.
AIM OF THE STUDY: Quantitative determination of Cordia africana Lam. roots constituents was performed to investigate their phytochemical composition and their anti-ulcer mechanism.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cordia africana Lam. roots were subjected to extraction and fractionation. Antimicrobial activities of the extract and its factions were tested against Helicobacter pylori, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured. Then, an in vivo ethanol-induced model in rats was performed (at two tested doses: 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and pantoprazol 10 mg/kg against ethanol 5 mL/kg by oral gavage) with subsequent histopathological analysis. Oxidative and gastric inflammatory markers were measured. The phytochemical profile was confirmed using quantitative High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Finally, molecular docking was performed to investigate the binding mode among the most abundant quantified compounds, viz., kaempferol, myricetin, naringenin, quercetin, and rosmarinic acid and three chosen proteins.
RESULTS: Among the tested fractions, Cordia africana ethyl acetate fraction (CAEt) gave the least MIC (7.82 μg/mL). Besides, at its high dose (400 mg/kg; orally), CAEt significantly reduced the ulcer number and severity by 26 % each, lowered malondialdehyde by 39 %, and increased glutathione and prostaglandin E2 levels by 92 % and 27 %, respectively, compared to pantoprazol. It exhibited similar potency to pantoprazol in decreasing tumor necrosis factor-alpha and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1, while it significantly decreased nuclear factor-kappa B more than pantoprazol by 7 %. Nineteen compounds were quantified using HPLC, showing that phenolic compounds and flavonoids were the most abundant phytoconstituents. In-silico molecular docking screening revealed the interaction between the five most quantified compounds and nuclear factor kappa B, prostaglandin E2, and tumor necrosis factor alpha proteins.
CONCLUSION: CAEt possesses potent gastroprotective properties via the reduction of gastric ulcer severity, decreasing oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers in ethanol-induced stomach damage. CAEt could be a promising candidate for gastric ulcer treatment and further studies on gastric-related diseases.