Effects of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and inhibitors of their synthesis on renal and gastrointestinal function in the newborn period.

We have reviewed current thoughts concerning the interplay between prostaglandins and renal and gastrointestinal function with a focus on the possible alteration in the latter functions that would be expected when prostaglandin synthesis is inhibited in premature infants receiving indomethacin for closure of the patent ductus arteriosus. It would appear that administration of even small doses of indomethacin may be associated with transient oliguria. Although speculation exists about whether indomethacin may promote the development of necrotizing enterocolitis in these infants, there is no convincing evidence of a cause-effect relationship.