Importance of controlling drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: experience from lung transplantation in a cystic fibrosis case.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is rare in Japan. We encountered a CF case with drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and successfully performed lung transplant from living related donors. A combination of beta-lactams and aminoglycosides for drug-resistant P. aeruginosa infection was administered before lung transplantation. Intravenous colistin was also used immediately before and after transplant surgery. Gram staining of respiratory specimens was performed every day after surgery and it was useful in monitoring infection status. Strict monitoring of infections by the Gram staining and culture of respiratory specimens is considered to be effective in preventing lower respiratory infection in lung transplantation.