Percutaneous embolization to control intractable epistaxis.

Recurrent epistaxis is a common manifestation of patients with a bleeding diathesis. Two patients with epistaxis secondary to a bleeding diathesis managed by local conservative techniques are reviewed. (A case of polycythemia vera and a case of liver failure secondary to hepatoma are reviewed.) Recently bilateral, percutaneous carotid angiography examination was performed on a patient with a bleeding diathesis and intractable epistaxis. At the time of the angiographic examination, embolization of both internal maxillary arteries with Gelfoam particles was accomplished and dramatic control of the epistaxis was achieved. In a patient with severe epistaxis secondary to a bleeding diathesis that is unresponsive to local measures, percutaneous Gelfoam embolization offers substantial advantages over surgical intervention.