Recent patents on oral insulin delivery.

Oral administration of Insulin, however, is extremely difficult due to its extremely low bioavailability. Development of oral Insulin formulations requires overcoming obstacles, such as low permeability of large molecules, lack of lipophilicity, and inactivation or rapid enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The successful oral delivery of Insulin involves overcoming the barrier of enzymatic degradation, achieving epithelial permeability, and conserving the bioactivity of the drug during formulation processing. Strategies proposed to maximize oral Insulin bioavailability in Insulin delivery systems, to overcome barriers, and to develop safe and effective therapies, by using specific excipients, such as absorption enhancers, enzyme inhibitors, and mucoadhesive polymers, and using composition allowing protection of Insulin from the harsh environment in the GI tract. The present review includes study of patents on oral Insulin delivery. All the patents in the present review are arranged and interconnected in such a way to improve viewer's knowledge at a glance. The comparative comments and discussions on the entitled topic make it easier to understand.