Stress and personality as factors in women's cardiovascular reactivity.

An experiment was conducted to investigate the relationships among Type A behavior, hostility and cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) in women. Changes in heart rate, blood pressure and skin conductance from baseline to task levels were used to assess reactivity. These measures were obtained from 96 women during a seated baseline period, a reaction time task and during an oral IQ quiz. Analyses indicated that Type A and high hostile women were more reactive to an oral IQ quiz and reaction time stressors than Type B and low hostile women. Specifically, Type As showed significantly greater increases in systolic blood pressure in the reaction time task and greater mean arterial pressure and systolic blood pressure increases in the IQ quiz. High hostiles evidenced significantly higher systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the RT task and higher mean arterial pressure and diastolic blood pressure in the IQ quiz. It was concluded that Type A personality and hostility can predict greater reactivity in women to two different stressors. The oral quiz generated greater reactivity than the RT task and thus may be a more stressful task.