Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2014
Intensification of antihyperglycemic therapy among patients with incident diabetes: a Surveillance Prevention and Management of Diabetes Mellitus (SUPREME-DM) study.
СтатьяПоддержка службы здравоохранения СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Raebel Marsha A, Ellis Jennifer L, Schroeder Emily B, Xu Stanley, O'Connor Patrick J, Segal Jodi B, Butler Melissa G, Schmittdiel Julie A, Kirchner H Lester, Goodrich Glenn K, Lawrence Jean M, Nichols Gregory A, Newton Katherine M, Pathak Ram D, Steiner John F
Аннотация
PURPOSE: Antihyperglycemic medication intensification practices among patients with incident diabetes are incompletely understood. We characterized the first intensification the year after oral antihyperglycemic medication initiation among incident diabetes patients.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study across 11 US health systems included adults identified with incident diabetes between 2005 and 2009 who started oral antihyperglycemic monotherapy or combination therapy within 6 months after diabetes identification. We determined intensification, defined as increased index medication dosage, addition of another oral medication, or switch to/addition of insulin 31-365 days after initial antihyperglycemic dispensing. Cox regression was used to assess intensification for patient, temporal, and system covariates, adjusting for glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as a time-dependent variable.
RESULTS: Among 41,233 patients, 33.5% and 45.3% had treatment intensified within 6 and 12 months, respectively. This first intensification was most often with increased index medication dosage (78%), least often with insulin (<1%). HbA1c% was strongly associated with intensification (adjusted hazard ratios [HR] 1.59, 3.62, 4.44, and 5.52 for HbA1c 6.5% to <7%, 7% to <7.5%, 7.5 to <8%, and ≥8%, respectively, all P < 0.001, compared with HbA1c < 6.5%). In patients initially on monotherapy, age modified the HbA1c effect: at HbA1c < 7%, the HR differed little between middle-aged and older patients; at HbA1c ≥ 7%, the HR decreased with older age (e.g., age 40-49 years and HbA1c ≥ 8%: HR 8.14; age ≥ 80 years and HbA1c ≥ 8%: HR 4.44; compared with age ≥ 80 years and HbA1c < 6.5%). Within 1 year, 84.3% achieved HbA1c < 8%; 65.1% achieved HbA1c < 7%.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians appear to be applying treatment intensification guidelines and individualizing therapy by considering patient age, achieving glycemic control among most incident diabetes patients.
METHODS: This retrospective cohort study across 11 US health systems included adults identified with incident diabetes between 2005 and 2009 who started oral antihyperglycemic monotherapy or combination therapy within 6 months after diabetes identification. We determined intensification, defined as increased index medication dosage, addition of another oral medication, or switch to/addition of insulin 31-365 days after initial antihyperglycemic dispensing. Cox regression was used to assess intensification for patient, temporal, and system covariates, adjusting for glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as a time-dependent variable.
RESULTS: Among 41,233 patients, 33.5% and 45.3% had treatment intensified within 6 and 12 months, respectively. This first intensification was most often with increased index medication dosage (78%), least often with insulin (<1%). HbA1c% was strongly associated with intensification (adjusted hazard ratios [HR] 1.59, 3.62, 4.44, and 5.52 for HbA1c 6.5% to <7%, 7% to <7.5%, 7.5 to <8%, and ≥8%, respectively, all P < 0.001, compared with HbA1c < 6.5%). In patients initially on monotherapy, age modified the HbA1c effect: at HbA1c < 7%, the HR differed little between middle-aged and older patients; at HbA1c ≥ 7%, the HR decreased with older age (e.g., age 40-49 years and HbA1c ≥ 8%: HR 8.14; age ≥ 80 years and HbA1c ≥ 8%: HR 4.44; compared with age ≥ 80 years and HbA1c < 6.5%). Within 1 year, 84.3% achieved HbA1c < 8%; 65.1% achieved HbA1c < 7%.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians appear to be applying treatment intensification guidelines and individualizing therapy by considering patient age, achieving glycemic control among most incident diabetes patients.