Effects of inhaled municipal refuse incinerator fly ash in the guinea pig.

Fly ash was collected from two municipal refuse incinerators. It was analyzed for heavy metals, elements, and a wide range of toxic organics. It was resuspended in air for inhalation exposure of guinea pigs. These animals were exposed at high concentrations of each ash 6 h/d for 5 d, and tissues were taken 45 d after the exposure. Following the first exposure and after each daily exposure the ventilatory response of these animals upon challenge with CO2 was found to be depressed. Recovery occurred following exposure. Heavy metals, cadmium, lead, zinc, and mercury were elevated in the lungs of these animals. Histologic evaluation of pulmonary tissue revealed multifocal pneumoconiosis. Interstitial infiltration by macrophages and smooth muscle hypertrophy of blood vessels and bronchioles were also observed. There was no evidence of a dioxinlike toxic effect following inhalation of these ashes.