Isolation of cupanioside, a novel cytotoxic and antibacterial long-chain fatty alcohol glycoside from the bark of Cupania glabra.

The crude dichloromethane extract from the stem bark of Cupania glabra (Sapindaceae), showed in vitro cytotoxic activity against Hep G2, MDA-MB-231, Hs 578T, MCF-7, and PC-3 cells, and antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Bioactivity-directed fractionation led to isolation of the new 1-O-[2'',3'',4''-tri-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta- D-glucopyranosyl]-hexadecanol (cupanioside) as the cytotoxic agent. The structure was elucidated by analysis of 2D-NMR spectra.