Emerging infectious diseases · 2025
Effect of Prior Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus Infection on Pathogenesis and Transmission of Human Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus in Ferret Model.
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Sun Xiangjie, Belser Jessica A, Li Zhu-Nan, Brock Nicole, Pulit-Penaloza Joanna A, Kieran Troy J, Pappas Claudia, Zeng Hui, Chang Jessie C, Carney Paul J, Bradley-Ferrell Brandon L, Stevens James, Tumpey Terrence M, Levine Min Z, Maines Taronna R
Аннотация
Reports of human infections with influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses associated with outbreaks in dairy cows in the United States underscore the need to assess the potential cross-protection conferred by existing influenza immunity. We serologically evaluated ferrets previously infected with an influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus for cross-reactive antibodies and then challenged 3 months later with either highly pathogenic H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b or low pathogenicity H7N9 virus. Our results showed that prior influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection more effectively reduced the replication and transmission of the H5N1 virus than did the H7N9 virus, a finding supported by the presence of group 1 hemagglutinin stalk and N1 neuraminidase antibodies in preimmune ferrets. Our findings suggest that prior influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection may confer some level of protection against influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4.b virus.