Research progress on the relationship between the TdT gene and autoimmune diseases.

Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are caused by defects in immune tolerance or abnormalities in immune regulation, leading to damage to host organs. The pathogenesis of AIDs is complex, and their clinical manifestations are diverse. Currently, the pathogenesis of AIDs is not fully understood. Accumulating evidence from experimental models suggests that TdT-mediated antigen receptor diversification may influence autoimmune responses and immune regulation. Although emerging evidence from human autoimmune diseases has been reported, the current understanding of the relationship between TdT and AIDs remains limited. Understanding the mechanisms by which TdT influences autoimmune responses may provide new insights into disease pathogenesis and future therapeutic exploration. This review summarizes relevant information on the TdT gene and discusses current evidence regarding the relationship between TdT and AIDs, with particular emphasis on findings from experimental models and emerging evidence from human autoimmune diseases.