Translational oncology · 2026
The inflammatory UPR-IFNG axis reveals LBP as a survival and immunotherapy-response marker in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Luo Nan, Tian Yu
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) remains difficult to stratify because tumor heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive microenvironment limit immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). The unfolded protein response (UPR) and interferon-gamma (IFNG) signaling connect cellular stress with tumor inflammation, but clinically interpretable biomarkers linking these programs to prognosis and treatment response remain limited.
METHODS: We integrated 278,337 cells from three single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets with bulk transcriptomic cohorts. Malignant-cell programs were mapped at single-cell resolution. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified IFNG-associated modules, and ConsensusClusterPlus defined UPR-related patient clusters. Random Survival Forest and CoxBoost were then used to select prognostic genes.
RESULTS: Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) emerged as the top-ranked prognostic marker for LIHC. In GSE116174, GSE144269, and GSE14520, high LBP expression was associated with poorer overall survival. LBP also correlated with immune-cell infiltration, tumor microenvironment scores, immune modulators, and ICB-response determinants. Across public immunotherapy datasets, LBP showed response-classification value. In vitro, LBP knockdown reduced LIHC cell proliferation.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identifies LBP as a UPR-related and IFNG-associated candidate biomarker for LIHC prognosis and immunotherapy-response stratification. These findings support further preclinical and clinical validation of LBP in liver cancer.
METHODS: We integrated 278,337 cells from three single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets with bulk transcriptomic cohorts. Malignant-cell programs were mapped at single-cell resolution. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified IFNG-associated modules, and ConsensusClusterPlus defined UPR-related patient clusters. Random Survival Forest and CoxBoost were then used to select prognostic genes.
RESULTS: Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) emerged as the top-ranked prognostic marker for LIHC. In GSE116174, GSE144269, and GSE14520, high LBP expression was associated with poorer overall survival. LBP also correlated with immune-cell infiltration, tumor microenvironment scores, immune modulators, and ICB-response determinants. Across public immunotherapy datasets, LBP showed response-classification value. In vitro, LBP knockdown reduced LIHC cell proliferation.
CONCLUSIONS: This study identifies LBP as a UPR-related and IFNG-associated candidate biomarker for LIHC prognosis and immunotherapy-response stratification. These findings support further preclinical and clinical validation of LBP in liver cancer.