Multi-epitope design against emerging nipah virus towards peptide vaccine development.

The lack of an approved vaccine against Nipah virus (NiV), a highly fatal zoonotic pathogen causing severe neurological and respiratory disease, remains a major global health challenge. Therefore, it is of interest to design a multi-epitope vaccine targeting the NiV phosphoprotein (UniProt ID: Q9IK91). Conserved B-cell, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and helper T-lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes were identified and selected based on antigenicity, immunogenicity and safety. The resulting vaccine construct was evaluated through structural modeling, TLR4 docking, codon optimization and immune simulation analyses. Thus, data shows the favorable stability, strong receptor interaction, efficient expression potential and the ability to elicit robust humoral and cellular immune responses.