Nursing and eugenics in the early 20th century United States.

BACKGROUND

Research has documented how ideas about race, class, ethnicity, ableism, and structural hierarchies determine health outcomes and disparities today. The historical role of nursing practice and education needs further exploration.

PURPOSE: This study aims to better understand how some nurses thought about and interacted with eugenics in the early 20th century.

METHODS

Historical analysis of primary and secondary sources.

DISCUSSION: In the early 20th century, reformers of the day, including some nurses, demonstrated much ambiguity of thinking as they pushed for eugenic improvement of the "human race" while also enhancing environmental changes, such as good nutrition and clean, safe housing.

CONCLUSION

Nursing's past relationship with eugenics sheds light on the history and construction of the system leading to health disparities among marginalized groups. Nurses must acknowledge the historical roots and context of their education and practice as we engage in critical conversations about social inequities.