Simultaneous extraction of keratin and gelatin from eggshell membrane via a one-step alkali method: Structural features and functional characterization.

A novel one-step alkaline method was developed to simultaneously extract keratin and gelatin from eggshell membrane waste. The process achieved successful separation via centrifugation and filtration. Physicochemical analysis confirmed the isolation of both proteins, with yields of 12.5% for keratin and 57.6% for gelatin. The extracted proteins exhibited low molecular weights, good solubility, and significant antioxidant activity (37.06% and 25%, respectively). While individual emulsion stability was limited, combining keratin and gelatin enhanced emulsifying performance. The proteins formed flexible amyloid structures, improving adsorption at the oil-water interface and stabilizing emulsions. This method provides an efficient approach for the high-value utilization of eggshell membrane waste.