Frontiers in dementia · 2026
Long-term care residents and staff perspectives on PARO using video-reflexive ethnography (VRE).
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Ohno Yuka, Zeid Janna, Wong Karen Lok Yi, Hung Lillian
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Residents with dementia in long-term care (LTC) often experience social isolation, loneliness, and distress. Socially assistive robots such as PARO, have been introduced to support psychosocial well-being, yet prior studies have typically examined resident or staff perspectives separately, limiting understanding of how such technologies function within everyday care practice.
AIM: This study examined the relational, practical, and organizational feasibility of using the social robot PARO in a special care unit by exploring both residents' experiences and staff reflections.
METHODS: A qualitative ethnographic study was conducted in a Canadian LTC home. Residents living with dementia (n = 10) participated in group-based PARO sessions over 4 weeks. Video recordings, field notes, and conversational interviews captured residents' experiences. Care staff (n = 10) engaged in video-reflexive ethnographic (VRE) group sessions using selected video footage to prompt discussion of benefits, barriers and implementation considerations. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis informed by person-centered care.
RESULTS: Feasibility emerged as relational, practical, and organizational. PARO promoted engagement and nurturing behaviors when actively facilitated by staff, but successful use depended on workflow integration, supervision capacity, infection-control procedures, and institutional resource priorities. VRE enabled staff to collectively identify implementation tensions grounded in observed interactions, reframing feasibility as a context-dependent process negotiated within daily care practice.
CONCLUSION: The feasibility of social robots in dementia care depends on relational meaning, workflow integration, and organizational priorities. VRE is a valuable method for identifying implementation tensions early and supporting reflective, person-centered adoption of emerging technologies in LTC.
AIM: This study examined the relational, practical, and organizational feasibility of using the social robot PARO in a special care unit by exploring both residents' experiences and staff reflections.
METHODS: A qualitative ethnographic study was conducted in a Canadian LTC home. Residents living with dementia (n = 10) participated in group-based PARO sessions over 4 weeks. Video recordings, field notes, and conversational interviews captured residents' experiences. Care staff (n = 10) engaged in video-reflexive ethnographic (VRE) group sessions using selected video footage to prompt discussion of benefits, barriers and implementation considerations. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis informed by person-centered care.
RESULTS: Feasibility emerged as relational, practical, and organizational. PARO promoted engagement and nurturing behaviors when actively facilitated by staff, but successful use depended on workflow integration, supervision capacity, infection-control procedures, and institutional resource priorities. VRE enabled staff to collectively identify implementation tensions grounded in observed interactions, reframing feasibility as a context-dependent process negotiated within daily care practice.
CONCLUSION: The feasibility of social robots in dementia care depends on relational meaning, workflow integration, and organizational priorities. VRE is a valuable method for identifying implementation tensions early and supporting reflective, person-centered adoption of emerging technologies in LTC.