Cimibiosides A-C: Three 9,10-seco triterpenoid glycosides isolated from Cimicifuga foetida L.

Three new 9,10-seco cycloartane-type triterpenoid glycosides, cimibiosides A-C (1-3) and one known analogue were isolated from the rhizomes of Cimicifuga foetida L. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis including HRESIMS, IR, UV, and 1D/2D NMR and confirmed by chemical analysis as well as NMR calculation with DP4+ probability analysis. All these compounds were evaluated for their anti-diabetic activity targeting DPP4 and α-glucosidase in vitro. The results showed that compounds 1 and 4 at 50 μM exhibited inhibitory activity on DPP4 enzyme with inhibition rates of 19.43% and 17.33%, respectively. In contrast, compounds 1-4 showed certain enhancement effect on α-glucosidase.