Barriers to social media adoption among older adults: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND

Older adults face multiple barriers that limit their engagement with social media.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aims to identify, categorize, and synthesize the barriers to social media adoption among older adults.

METHODS

A systematic search was conducted across six electronic databases without time restrictions. Studies were included if they involved participants aged 60+ years (or mean age 60+ years) and reported barriers to social media. Quality appraisal was performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). A total of 32 studies were included and synthesized thematically.

RESULTS

Technical competency issues, including difficulties with device operation, updates, and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) literacy, were prevalent. Privacy and security concerns were consistently reported as critical obstacles. Educational support limitations, reduced learning speed, psychosocial factors (e.g., low self-efficacy), and socioeconomic constraints were also reported. This review synthesizes reported barriers and can inform the design of future studies and the development of strategies to promote digital inclusion among older adults.