Biosynthesized Nanoparticles in Sustainable Agriculture: Enhancing Fertilization Efficiency, Soil Sterilization, and Crop Pest Control.

With increasing demand for food globally, meeting the anticipated near 60% increase by 2050 is also likely to depend on the application of smart and precision agriculture practices to overcome the shortcomings presented by conventional farming practices. Smart agriculture, which was once discretionary, has become a necessity in meeting agricultural demands. This review makes a point of providing a unique, qualitative assessment of how green nanoparticles have reshaped agriculture. Beyond mere enumeration of available technology, we provide an assessment of this latest synergy of sustainable nanomaterials from laboratory ideas into viable commercial inventions. The review assesses how this technology overcomes some of the longest-standing challenges faced in agriculture, namely through an economical perspective. There is an examination of how green nanoparticles serve a dual use as premium fertilizers and potent mechanisms against microbiotic and pest organisms. The central aim of this review therefore lies in its roadmap presentation, as it attempts to show how this technology, through significantly lowering operation costs and chemical usage, makes an extremely tempting and lucrative proposition in commercial agriculture.