Effects of Monochromatic Light on Mass and Phytocompound Production of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. in the Temporary Immersion System.

Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi), a valuable medicinal herb, faces challenges in consistent production and quality under natural cultivation. To overcome these limitations, this study investigated the impact of different light qualities (warm-white, red, blue, and green) on the in vitro growth, chlorophyll content, and accumulation of bacosides in B. monnieri using a temporary immersion system (TIS). The results revealed that green and blue light significantly enhanced biomass accumulation, with green light promoting the highest number of new shoots (24.2 shoots/clump) and blue light inducing the development of longer shoots with extended internodes (2.6 cm/internode). Interestingly, while green light resulted in the lowest chlorophyll content, it led to the highest accumulation of bacoside A3 (0.39% DW). In contrast, no significant differences were observed in bacopaside II content across all light treatments. However, bacopasaponin C production was significantly enhanced by warm-white and red light. These results demonstrate the potential of manipulating light quality within a TIS to optimize specific growth parameters and bioactive compound production in B. monnieri, offering valuable insights for enhancing the quality and yield of this important medicinal plant for industrial applications.