Development of fish scale collagen-immobilized poly(lactic acid) films using chemical treatment with hexamethylenediamine.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate how immobilizing tilapia fish scale type 1 collagen onto poly(lactic acid) (PLA), following chemical modification with hexamethylenediamine (HMDA), affects the adhesion and proliferation of mouse osteoblast-like cells (OLCs).

METHODS

PLA films were chemically modified by HMDA immersion to introduce amino groups (-NH2) (PLA-NH2). Tilapia fish scale type 1 collagen was subsequently immobilized onto the PLA-NH2 surface via a water-soluble carbodiimide condensation reaction, producing (TFColl-PLA-NH2). Surface properties of the films were characterized using contact angle measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Biological evaluation was conducted by culturing OLCs on PLA, PLA-NH2, and TFColl-PLA-NH2 films, followed by quantification of cell numbers.

RESULTS

The contact angles of PLA-NH2 and TFColl-PLA-NH2 were significantly lower than PLA (P < 0.05). XPS confirmed successful immobilization of tilapia collagen onto the PLA surface. At all time points, TFColl-PLA-NH2 showed the highest cell numbers, followed by PLA-NH2, while PLA had the lowest (P < 0.05). PLA-NH2 promoted calcification more effectively than PLA (P < 0.05), and TFColl- PLA-NH2 further enhanced calcification compared with PLA-NH2 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

PLA surface treatment with HMDA is an effective and straightforward method. Tilapia fish scale type 1 collagen has potential for application as a novel biomaterial source.