European oral research · 2026
Effect of chromogenic beverages on color stability and surface roughness of CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics: an in vitro study.
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Öztürk Tuğba Nur, Yıldız Esra
Аннотация
PURPOSE: This study evaluated the effects of commonly consumed chromogenic beverages on the color stability and surface roughness of three CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics at different time intervals. The study aims to provide comparative data under standardized immersion conditions, addressing a gap in time-dependent color and surface alterations of CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 168 specimens were prepared from three CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics (Vita Enamic HT 2M2, Cerasmart HT A2, and Brava HT A2). Specimens were immersed in distilled water, coffee, cola, or red wine at 37 °C for up to 12 days. Color (ΔE₀₀, CIE L*a*b*), and surface roughness (Ra) were measured at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 days. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (factors: beverage and time) followed by post-hoc tests (α=0.05) was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS: Red wine produced the highest color change in all materials (p<0.001), followed by coffee, whereas cola and water resulted in significantly lower ΔE₀₀ values. At day 12, Vita Enamic showed greater discoloration and roughness than Cerasmart and Brava (p<0.05). Both ΔE₀₀ and Ra increased significantly with time (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: Exposure to chromogenic beverages significantly affected both color stability and surface roughness of CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics. Red wine and coffee were the most aggressive agents, while Cerasmart demonstrated the best stability. Routine dietary counseling and periodic repolishing may be advisable to preserve the long-term esthetic integrity of CAD/CAM restorations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 168 specimens were prepared from three CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics (Vita Enamic HT 2M2, Cerasmart HT A2, and Brava HT A2). Specimens were immersed in distilled water, coffee, cola, or red wine at 37 °C for up to 12 days. Color (ΔE₀₀, CIE L*a*b*), and surface roughness (Ra) were measured at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 days. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (factors: beverage and time) followed by post-hoc tests (α=0.05) was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS: Red wine produced the highest color change in all materials (p<0.001), followed by coffee, whereas cola and water resulted in significantly lower ΔE₀₀ values. At day 12, Vita Enamic showed greater discoloration and roughness than Cerasmart and Brava (p<0.05). Both ΔE₀₀ and Ra increased significantly with time (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: Exposure to chromogenic beverages significantly affected both color stability and surface roughness of CAD/CAM resin-matrix ceramics. Red wine and coffee were the most aggressive agents, while Cerasmart demonstrated the best stability. Routine dietary counseling and periodic repolishing may be advisable to preserve the long-term esthetic integrity of CAD/CAM restorations.