Journal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2025
Evaluation of the Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana Biopesticide against Blattella germanica (Blattaria: Ectobiidae).
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Nourozi Behzad, Azari-Hamidian Shahyad, Majidi-Shilsar Farzad, Noori Sepehr Mohammad, Naimi-Joubani Mohammad
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: The German cockroach, Blattella germanica (Blattaria: Ectobiidae), is a worldwide urban pest. Due to limitations of conventional insecticides, alternative controls are needed. Entomopathogenic fungi-based biopesticides offer a promising solution. This study evaluated the pathogenicity of the indigenous Beauveria bassiana Rasht strain (Mcb18) against the German cockroach.
METHODS: A laboratory colony of B. germanica was maintained under controlled conditions. The toxicity of four spore concentrations (1.5×102, 1.5×104, 1.5×106, 1.5×108 conidia/ml) of B. bassiana was evaluated against adult cockroaches using the direct immersion bioassay. Daily mortality was recorded for 21 days using three replicates of 20 cockroaches each (n=60 per concentration). The lethal concentration (LC50 and LC90) values were estimated using probit analysis.
RESULTS: Beauveria bassiana caused dose-dependent mortality. The highest cumulative mortality (100%) was observed at 1.5×108 conidia/ml, while the lowest (15.79%) occurred at 1.5×102 conidia/ml. The LC50 and LC90 were estimated as 4.23×103 conidia/ml and 1.59×106 conidia/ml, respectively. The LT50 decreased with increasing concentration, reaching 8.475 days at 1.5×108 conidia/ml. Conidiation on cadavers increased with concentration but remained lower than mortality, indicating that death often occurred before external sporulation. One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in mortality rates (F=74.942, df=(3, 8), p<0.001). Post-hoc Tukey's HSD test showed that the two highest concentrations (1.5×106 and 1.5×108 conidia/ml) were not significantly different from each other (p>0.05), although both caused significantly higher mortality than lower concentrations (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: Experimental findings confirmed B. bassiana as an effective entomopathogen against B. germanica, causing significant mortality through cuticular penetration and internal proliferation.
METHODS: A laboratory colony of B. germanica was maintained under controlled conditions. The toxicity of four spore concentrations (1.5×102, 1.5×104, 1.5×106, 1.5×108 conidia/ml) of B. bassiana was evaluated against adult cockroaches using the direct immersion bioassay. Daily mortality was recorded for 21 days using three replicates of 20 cockroaches each (n=60 per concentration). The lethal concentration (LC50 and LC90) values were estimated using probit analysis.
RESULTS: Beauveria bassiana caused dose-dependent mortality. The highest cumulative mortality (100%) was observed at 1.5×108 conidia/ml, while the lowest (15.79%) occurred at 1.5×102 conidia/ml. The LC50 and LC90 were estimated as 4.23×103 conidia/ml and 1.59×106 conidia/ml, respectively. The LT50 decreased with increasing concentration, reaching 8.475 days at 1.5×108 conidia/ml. Conidiation on cadavers increased with concentration but remained lower than mortality, indicating that death often occurred before external sporulation. One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in mortality rates (F=74.942, df=(3, 8), p<0.001). Post-hoc Tukey's HSD test showed that the two highest concentrations (1.5×106 and 1.5×108 conidia/ml) were not significantly different from each other (p>0.05), although both caused significantly higher mortality than lower concentrations (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: Experimental findings confirmed B. bassiana as an effective entomopathogen against B. germanica, causing significant mortality through cuticular penetration and internal proliferation.