Isolation, identification, and characterization of Vibrio cholerae from the Danube River in Slovakia.

The occurrence of Vibrio cholerae, an important aquatic pathogen, was assessed in the surface water of the Danube River near Bratislava. The isolates were distinguished by biochemical tests and grouped by ARDRA to three clusters corresponding to three species (V. cholerae, Vibrio metschnikovii, and Aeromonas spp.). The identification of V. cholerae was confirmed by multiplex PCR using primer pairs targeted to ompW gene (membrane protein), ctxA gene (toxicity gene), and toxR gene (regulatory gene). None from the isolated V. cholerae from surface water contained ctxA gene; seven of them possessed toxR gene. Serotyping of V. cholerae isolates with polyvalent O antiserum and O/139 antiserum was negative. All isolates of V. cholerae were susceptible to chloramphenicol, rifampicin, tetracycline, variable to ampicillin, and resistant to kanamycin and streptomycin.