[Analysis on the Synergistic Relationships Among Farmland Inputs, Pollution Reduction, and Carbon Mitigation in Major Grain-producing Regions].

In this study, Henan Province was taken as the research object, the index of farmland input level from 2012 to 2022 was calculated and its change trend was analyzed based on the indicators such as rural employees and total mechanization power. The carbon emissions and the total amount of non-point source pollution from farmland were estimated according to factors such as material inputs, crop types, and solid waste. The synergy relationship between changes in farmland input level and changes in carbon emissions and non-point source pollution was analyzed using a synergy index model. The results showed that from 2012 to 2022 in Henan Province, the index of farmland input level was within the range of 0.147-0.892, with an overall increase in input level, mainly dominated by mechanization factors, and a slight decrease in the input of labor, pesticides, and fertilizers. The input level in the western and southern regions was slightly higher than that in the eastern and northern regions. The carbon emissions in the eastern counties were slightly higher than those in the western counties. The emissions of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) were higher in the eastern and southern counties and relatively lower in the southwestern counties. A total of 54.97% of counties and districts had a mild imbalance between the level of farmland input and changes in carbon emissions, and 70.86% of counties and districts had a mild imbalance between the level of farmland input and changes in non-point source pollutant emissions. Identifying the synergistic relationship between the farmland input level and pollution reduction and carbon reduction plays a crucial role in promoting the low-carbon transformation and utilization of farmland resources in major grain-producing areas. The results provide a reference basis for the zoning governance of sustainable utilization of farmland in Henan Province.