Chlamydia trachomatis detected by ligase chain reaction in the semen of asymptomatic patients without pyospermia or pyuria.

To determine whether an absence of leukocytes in semen and urine predicts an absence of Chlamydia trachomatis in asymptomatic infertile men, chlamydial DNA was detected in subjects' semen and urine by ligase chain reaction (LCR). Ninety-eight infertile men were studied, including 39 cases of oligozoospermia, 19 of azoospermia, 16 of asthenozoospermia, and 24 of normozoospermia. None of the subjects had pyospermia or pyuria. C. trachomatis was detected by LCR. Antichlamydial and antisperm antibody were also measured. C. trachomatis was detected by LCR in the semen of only 1 of 98 patients (1.02%), but not in the urine samples. In C. trachomatis-positive patients LCR, IgG, and IgA levels were higher than normal. No antisperm antibody was detected. Even if leukocytes are not observed in the semen and urine of asymptomatic infertile men, the presence of C. trachomatis in semen specimens is rarely observed. Therefore, it should be noted that the presence of C. trachomatis in such cases is addressed in the context of artificial insemination and other assisted reproductive technologies.