Influence of spermatozoa characteristics on gamete intra-fallopian transfer procedures: analysis of results obtained utilizing normozoospermic, oligoasthenozoospermic and donor spermatozoa.

The objective of this study was to analyze the efficacy of the gamete intra-Fallopian transfer (GIFT) procedure in relation to spermatozoa characteristics. A total of 268 infertile couples enlisted for GIFT were categorized into three groups on the basis of semen characteristics in the husband. These included oligoasthenozoospermic men in 88 retrieval cycles (group 1), normozoospermic men in 116 cycles (group 2) and azoospermic partners who needed donor semen in 86 cycles (group 3). All female patients had ovarian stimulation and laparoscopic GIFT. Pregnancy rates were significantly higher with donor spermatozoa than with oligoasthenozoospermic or normozoospermic spermatozoa, i.e. 51.1% versus 15.9% (P < 0.001), and 32.7% (P < 0.005). Implantation rates were significantly higher with donor spermatozoa than with normo- or oligoasthenozoospermic spermatozoa (P < 0.01). These data suggest that GIFT does not give good results with male factor infertility. Donor cryopreserved semen gives higher pregnancy and implantation rates than normozoospermic semen, and GIFT with donor spermatozoa gives a good chance of pregnancy to couples previously treated with artificial insemination using donor semen.