Squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature cystic teratoma of the ovary in a premenopausal women: A rare case report.

INTRODUCTION

Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is the most common type of ovarian germ cell tumour, with a rare complication of malignant transformation, often presenting as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Early detection is critical for improving outcomes, especially in younger patients.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 25-year-old para-2 female presented with a 6-month history of dull abdominal pain, swelling, appetite loss, and weight loss. Examination revealed a firm abdominopelvic mass, and ultrasound indicated a 15 × 12 cm adnexal mass. Staging laparotomy revealed a 20 × 15 cm left ovarian mass with ascitic fluid and enlarged para-aortic lymph nodes. Histopathological analysis confirmed keratinizing poorly differentiated SCC arising from MCT.

DISCUSSION: This case highlights the rarity of malignant transformation in MCTs, particularly in younger women. The absence of distinct symptoms and reliance on imaging necessitates a high index of suspicion for malignancy when evaluating ovarian masses.

CONCLUSION

The patient underwent successful staging and surgery, followed by an initial chemotherapy regimen. However, she lost follow-up, emphasizing the challenge of maintaining care continuity in remote areas. Close monitoring and education regarding the importance of follow-up care are crucial for improving outcomes in such cases.