Pandanus amaryllifolius ethanolic extract promotes oral gingival fibroblast healing and inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis: An in-vitro study.

INTRODUCTION

This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity and cell migration of ethanolic extract of Pandanus amaryllifolius (PAE).

METHODS

The antimicrobial activity of PAE was tested against Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) using the microdilution assay and determing minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration (MIC and MBC). Additionally, biofilm inhibition was assessed by crystal violet assay at different concentrations of PAE. Moreover, a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and scratch assays were performed to assess cell viability and migration of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).

RESULTS

The MIC and MBC values of PAE against P. gingivalis were determined to be 16 mg/mL and 32 mg/mL, respectively. Significant biofilm inhibition was observed at concentrations of 8 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL. The MTT assay demonstrated that 4 mg/mL of PAE was non-toxic to HGFs, whereas higher concentrations exhibited cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, PAE at 4, 2, 1, and 0.5 mg/mL promoted wound healing in an in vitro model.

CONCLUSION

PAE exhibited cytotoxic effects on HGFs at concentrations above 4 mg/mL. However, lower concentrations promoted cell migration and demonstrated potential antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis. These findings suggest that PAE may have applications in oral health for antimicrobial and wound-healing purposes.