Osong public health and research perspectives · 2026
Metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities as predictors of severe dengue in Vietnamese adults: a retrospective study, 2022-2024.
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Doan Thang Nhu, Cap Duc Minh
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of severe dengue and examine the associations between pre-existing comorbidities and disease severity.
METHODS: This retrospective study examined patients with dengue fever who received inpatient treatment at a hospital in northern Vietnam between January 1, 2022, and December 30, 2024. Patients were categorized into 2 groups-severe dengue and non-severe dengue-based on the 2009 World Health Organization criteria. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess factors associated with severe dengue.
RESULTS: Among 3,692 patients, the prevalence of severe dengue was 1.5%. Patients with any pre-existing comorbidity had higher odds of severe dengue compared to those without comorbidities (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-3.53). Having 2 or more comorbidities was also associated with higher odds of severe dengue (aOR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.18-4.33). Among individual conditions, hyperlipidemia was associated with severe dengue (aOR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.17-4.81). Certain combinations of comorbidities, including hypertension with hyperlipidemia (aOR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.39-5.97), hypertension with cardiac disease (aOR, 4.39; 95% CI, 1.30-14.79), and hyperlipidemia with cardiac disease (aOR, 4.02; 95% CI, 1.19-13.53), were also associated with higher odds of severe dengue.
CONCLUSION: Pre-existing comorbidities, particularly cardiometabolic conditions, were associated with higher odds of severe dengue. Considering comorbidity profiles at hospital admission may help identify patients who require closer clinical monitoring.
METHODS: This retrospective study examined patients with dengue fever who received inpatient treatment at a hospital in northern Vietnam between January 1, 2022, and December 30, 2024. Patients were categorized into 2 groups-severe dengue and non-severe dengue-based on the 2009 World Health Organization criteria. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess factors associated with severe dengue.
RESULTS: Among 3,692 patients, the prevalence of severe dengue was 1.5%. Patients with any pre-existing comorbidity had higher odds of severe dengue compared to those without comorbidities (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-3.53). Having 2 or more comorbidities was also associated with higher odds of severe dengue (aOR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.18-4.33). Among individual conditions, hyperlipidemia was associated with severe dengue (aOR, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.17-4.81). Certain combinations of comorbidities, including hypertension with hyperlipidemia (aOR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.39-5.97), hypertension with cardiac disease (aOR, 4.39; 95% CI, 1.30-14.79), and hyperlipidemia with cardiac disease (aOR, 4.02; 95% CI, 1.19-13.53), were also associated with higher odds of severe dengue.
CONCLUSION: Pre-existing comorbidities, particularly cardiometabolic conditions, were associated with higher odds of severe dengue. Considering comorbidity profiles at hospital admission may help identify patients who require closer clinical monitoring.