[Transplantation in cancer disease, and tumors in organ transplantation: current aspects and future prospects].

Malignant tumors represent a serious problem in transplantation medicine. Tumors passed on by the donor or present in the recipient's history may reappear after transplantation with its need for immunosuppression. On the other hand, in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), transplantation is the sole curative therapeutic option. Chronic immunosuppression promotes not only a tendency for the disease to recur, but also the development of various solid and hematological malignancies, and thus makes rigorous prophylactic measures a must. The use of new immunosuppressants (mTOR inhibitors) might, in future, be useful in helping resolve the problem of malignant diseases in organ transplantation.