High-Speed Visualization and Pressure Measurement of Hydrogen Explosion Dynamics in Obstructed and Unconfined Geometries.

This article presents a detailed experimental method for studying hydrogen explosion behavior under varying obstacle layouts and confinement conditions. The procedure involves controlled release of a hydrogen jet, delayed ignition, and systematic adjustment of obstacle geometry and confinement distances to replicate realistic industrial scenarios. High-speed cameras capture flame propagation and jet-fire transition, while pressure transducers record explosion severity and pressure buildup. The method highlights key parameters, such as nozzle diameter, upstream pressure, obstacle spacing, and confinement, that govern turbulence generation and flame acceleration. Representative results validate the approach and illustrate how geometric configurations influence explosion intensity. This reproducible workflow is designed to support both research and education by providing clear, step-by-step documentation of the experimental process. Beyond its immediate application in experimental hydrogen safety studies, the protocol provides valuable data for validating computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models and developing engineering guidelines for risk mitigation. By integrating visualized methods with structured data collection, this protocol supports reproducible experimentation and can aid future studies aimed at improving hydrogen system safety in industrial and maritime environments.