A 2 year evaluation of diabetic patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Nineteen diabetic patients with end-stage renal disease on CAPD were evaluated over a 2 year period. All but one patient was insulin-dependent, with a mean age of 47.7 years. Average time on CAPD was 16.1 months (range, 2-28 months). Thirteen patients were followed for more than 12 months, and nine for more than 18 months. The mean training period was 22.9 days. Good blood glucose control was obtained with intraperitoneal (IP) insulin in all of the patients. Mean blood glucose levels of 125 +/- 23.08 mg/dl were achieved with 103 +/- 38.5 U/day of regular IP insulin. Glycosalated hemoglobin decreased from a mean of 12.7 +/- 2.35% before CAPD to 10.08 +/- 0.97% during CAPD. Peritoneal creatinine clearance remained stable during the study period, with a concommitant decrease (P less than 0.001) in the mean residual renal creatinine clearance. The incidence of peritonitis was one episode per 7.8 patient-months. Average length of hospitalization was 33.24 days/year. Visual acuity remained stable after 1 year in 73% of the 26 eyes evaluated. No amputations were required in more than 2 years of follow-up. Actuarial survival was 100% at 1 year and 86% at 2 years, and the technique survival of CAPD was 91 and 79%, respectively. These results demonstrate that CAPD is a good dialysis procedure for treating diabetic patients with chronic renal failure, and it offers the advantage of controlling glycemia better than other dialysis methods.