Physical and Psychological Well-being Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation on Patients Following Mitral Valve and Aortic Valve Procedures.

PURPOSE: Patients participating in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) following an aortic valve procedure demonstrate improvements in physical capacity and psychological well-being. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate baseline exercise capacity and psychological well-being for mitral valve patients participating in CR and to compare physical and psychological outcomes between mitral valve and aortic valve patients.

METHODS

The primary endpoint was improvement in 6-min walk test (6MWT) distance. Secondary endpoints included change in exercise min/wk, depression scores (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]), anxiety scores (General Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7]), and overall quality of life (Dartmouth Cooperative Functional Assessment [COOP]) scores.

RESULTS

Between January 2015 and December 2019, 94 patients who underwent an aortic valve procedure and 46 patients who underwent mitral valve procedures were enrolled prospectively in CR. At the completion of their CR program, patients had similar improvements in their 6MWT (mitral valve: 173 ft [125, 238] vs aortic valve 197 ft [121, 295], P = .42); exercise min/wk (mitral valve: 90 min [45, 175] vs aortic valve: 80 min [40, 130], P = .44). Changes in anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), and COOP scores were smaller but similar between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONS

CR participation resulted in similar improvements in physical activity between patients undergoing mitral valve and aortic valve procedures. Psychological well-being and quality of life scores improved minimally and similarly between the two groups.