Cardiac Rehabilitation in Older Adults with Heart Failure: Fitting a Square Peg in a Round Hole.

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a structured exercise and lifestyle program that improves mortality and quality of life in patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction. However, significant gaps remain in optimizing CR for older adults with HF. This review summarizes the state of the science and specific knowledge gaps regarding older adults with HF. The authors discuss the importance of geriatric complexities in the design and implementation of CR, summarize promising future research in this area, and provide a clinical framework for current CR clinicians to follow when considering the specific needs of older adults with HF.