Archives of oral biology · 2026
Effects of hydroxyapatite-containing oral care products on phosphoric-acid-etched enamel micro-morphology: Findings from erosion-relevant in vitro and in situ environments.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Jung Katja, Kerzel Peter, Schlueter Nadine, Luka Benedikt, Hara Anderson T, Ganss Carolina
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether hydroxyapatite (HAP)-containing oral care products induce micro-morphological changes on phosphoric-acid-etched enamel surfaces indicative of mineral precipitation, and to determine how such changes depend on the surrounding environment.
DESIGN: Human enamel slabs from previously unerupted teeth were flattened, polished, split into reference and test halves, and phosphoric-acid etched. HAP-containing toothpastes and mouth rinse, active-agent-free toothpaste, and fluoride/stannous (F/Sn) controls were applied in three environments: a mineral-free in vitro environment, a mineral-containing in vitro environment, and an in situ environment. Samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy, and representative structures were analysed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Micro-morphologies were classified as covered/rounded prism heads, reticular structures, or mucous structures.
RESULTS: In the mineral-free environment, only limited changes were observed, mainly covered/rounded prism heads, with no indication of mineral precipitation. In the mineral-containing environment, reticular structures consistent with precipitate-like deposits were found after some, but not all, formulations. Their occurrence was not related specifically to HAP, as they were also observed after the negative-control toothpaste. In the in situ environment, no reticular structures were detected; instead, covered/rounded prism heads and mucous structures predominated, with pronounced inter-individual variation.
CONCLUSION: HAP-containing oral care products did not show micro-morphological effects indicative of specific mineral deposition in any environment. The findings suggest that formulation-environmental interactions, potentially involving excipient-related effects, may influence the formation or persistence of precipitate-like surface structures.
DESIGN: Human enamel slabs from previously unerupted teeth were flattened, polished, split into reference and test halves, and phosphoric-acid etched. HAP-containing toothpastes and mouth rinse, active-agent-free toothpaste, and fluoride/stannous (F/Sn) controls were applied in three environments: a mineral-free in vitro environment, a mineral-containing in vitro environment, and an in situ environment. Samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy, and representative structures were analysed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Micro-morphologies were classified as covered/rounded prism heads, reticular structures, or mucous structures.
RESULTS: In the mineral-free environment, only limited changes were observed, mainly covered/rounded prism heads, with no indication of mineral precipitation. In the mineral-containing environment, reticular structures consistent with precipitate-like deposits were found after some, but not all, formulations. Their occurrence was not related specifically to HAP, as they were also observed after the negative-control toothpaste. In the in situ environment, no reticular structures were detected; instead, covered/rounded prism heads and mucous structures predominated, with pronounced inter-individual variation.
CONCLUSION: HAP-containing oral care products did not show micro-morphological effects indicative of specific mineral deposition in any environment. The findings suggest that formulation-environmental interactions, potentially involving excipient-related effects, may influence the formation or persistence of precipitate-like surface structures.