BMC psychology · 2026
Working conditions and mental health of employees suffering from common mental disorders in Germany with special consideration to the migration generation.
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Herold Regina, Erim Yesim, Schröder Ute B, Heming Meike, Rothermund-Nassir Eva, Weber Jeannette, Hander Nicole Rosalinde, Morawa Eva
Аннотация
PURPOSE: This study examines working conditions, mental health and their association among mentally burdened employees in Germany attending psychotherapeutic consultation at work, considering first- and second-generation migrants.
METHODS: Baseline data from a randomized controlled trial on psychotherapeutic consultation at work (friaa study) were analyzed. Using χ²- and two-sided t-tests and one-way ANOVAs, differences between individuals with and without migration background (MB) as well as individuals without MB and first- and second-generation migrants were assessed regarding working conditions (self-constructed questions, five scales of the COPSOQ, PSC) and depressive (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-2) and somatic symptoms (SSS-8). Associations between working conditions and mental health were calculated for the entire sample and separately for individuals with and without MB using linear regression analyses.
RESULTS: Among 549 participants (54.8% female, mean age: 45.9 years (SD = 11.0), 12.4% had a MB. Individuals with MB more often worked in jobs associated with lower socio-economic status (blue-collar work: p=.008, fewer subordinates: p<.001, less possibilities for development: p=.004). Poorer work environment (especially in individuals without MB) (all βs≥0.124, all ps≤0.008) and quantitative job demands (especially in individuals with MB) (all βs≥0.118, all ps≤0.071, partially only statistical trends) were associated with worse mental health. Higher possibilities for development (in individuals with and without MB) (all βs≥-0.102, all ps≤0.071), social support (all βs≥-0.111, all ps≤0.016) and psychosocial safety climate (all βs≥-0.104, all ps≤0.044) (both especially in individuals without MB) were related to better mental health.
CONCLUSION: Findings suggest the importance of improving and tailoring working conditions to employees' needs, including consideration of MB.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Registered at the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS) at 01.03.2021 (DRKS00023049).
METHODS: Baseline data from a randomized controlled trial on psychotherapeutic consultation at work (friaa study) were analyzed. Using χ²- and two-sided t-tests and one-way ANOVAs, differences between individuals with and without migration background (MB) as well as individuals without MB and first- and second-generation migrants were assessed regarding working conditions (self-constructed questions, five scales of the COPSOQ, PSC) and depressive (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-2) and somatic symptoms (SSS-8). Associations between working conditions and mental health were calculated for the entire sample and separately for individuals with and without MB using linear regression analyses.
RESULTS: Among 549 participants (54.8% female, mean age: 45.9 years (SD = 11.0), 12.4% had a MB. Individuals with MB more often worked in jobs associated with lower socio-economic status (blue-collar work: p=.008, fewer subordinates: p<.001, less possibilities for development: p=.004). Poorer work environment (especially in individuals without MB) (all βs≥0.124, all ps≤0.008) and quantitative job demands (especially in individuals with MB) (all βs≥0.118, all ps≤0.071, partially only statistical trends) were associated with worse mental health. Higher possibilities for development (in individuals with and without MB) (all βs≥-0.102, all ps≤0.071), social support (all βs≥-0.111, all ps≤0.016) and psychosocial safety climate (all βs≥-0.104, all ps≤0.044) (both especially in individuals without MB) were related to better mental health.
CONCLUSION: Findings suggest the importance of improving and tailoring working conditions to employees' needs, including consideration of MB.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Registered at the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS) at 01.03.2021 (DRKS00023049).