Racialized psychotherapy: Understudied risks and the case for empirical scrutiny.

Racialized psychotherapy, a cluster of approaches centering race, racial identity, and racism in clinical work, emerged from legitimate concerns about cultural incompetence and minority underservice. The field has not tested the assumption that race-centering benefits racial minority clients. This paper identifies four mechanisms by which racialized therapy may harm clients: therapist-imposed racial salience that overrides client-defined concerns; hypervigilance induction through attributional training toward racial threat; externalized locus of control that undermines agency; and therapeutic deference that reduces the productive challenge clients from stigmatized groups may most need. The validation argument for racialized therapy is partly right but justifies responsive rather than proactive race-framing. The evidence base for culturally adapted interventions is modest, adverse effects go unreported, and the most explicitly race-focused protocols lack randomized trial evidence. Systematic research on conditions under which race-centered approaches benefit or harm clients is overdue.