Journal of affective disorders · 2026
Effects of positive psychological interventions on suicide-related outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
СтатьяСистематический обзорМетаанализНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Li Xin-Yi, Li Ting, Yan Jia-Hui, Ding Xiao-Ping, Zhao Lin, Zeng Ying, Li Na, Zhang Yin-Ying
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Suicide remains a significant global public health issue. Positive psychological interventions (PPIs) have been proposed as approaches that may contribute to suicide prevention, although their effectiveness remains unclear.
METHODS: We systematically searched 11 databases from inception to January 2026. Pooled effect sizes were synthesized primarily using random-effects models. Subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore heterogeneity and test robustness.
RESULTS: Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review, 12 in the meta-analysis. At post-treatment, PPIs were associated with reduced suicidal ideation (Hedges' g = -0.39, 95% CI: -0.74 to -0.04). Evidence for persistence at post-intervention assessment was limited because only three studies reported short-term post-intervention assessments (Hedges' g = -0.12, 95% CI: -0.40 to 0.17). Evidence on suicide attempts and death by suicide was sparse (n = 5), although one study reported superior outcomes with PPIs versus control (log-rank χ2 = 4.85, p = 0.028). In subgroup analyses, PPIs showed greater effects versus waitlist/blank controls (Hedges' g = -0.63, 95% CI: -0.86 to -0.40). Preliminary evidence suggests greater reductions in suicidal ideation with PPIs combined with pharmacotherapy than with pharmacotherapy alone (Hedges' g = -1.06, 95% CI: -1.70 to -0.42). Larger pooled effects were observed in low- and middle-income countries than in high-income countries (p = 0.029). Meta-regression showed control type (β = -0.414, p < 0.001) and total number of intervention sessions (β = -0.061, p = 0.043) explained 73.84% and 29.40% of between-study heterogeneity, respectively.
CONCLUSION: PPIs may have supportive or adjunctive value for suicide-related psychological outcomes, but evidence for suicide attempts, death by suicide, and longer-term effects remains limited.
METHODS: We systematically searched 11 databases from inception to January 2026. Pooled effect sizes were synthesized primarily using random-effects models. Subgroup, sensitivity, and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore heterogeneity and test robustness.
RESULTS: Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review, 12 in the meta-analysis. At post-treatment, PPIs were associated with reduced suicidal ideation (Hedges' g = -0.39, 95% CI: -0.74 to -0.04). Evidence for persistence at post-intervention assessment was limited because only three studies reported short-term post-intervention assessments (Hedges' g = -0.12, 95% CI: -0.40 to 0.17). Evidence on suicide attempts and death by suicide was sparse (n = 5), although one study reported superior outcomes with PPIs versus control (log-rank χ2 = 4.85, p = 0.028). In subgroup analyses, PPIs showed greater effects versus waitlist/blank controls (Hedges' g = -0.63, 95% CI: -0.86 to -0.40). Preliminary evidence suggests greater reductions in suicidal ideation with PPIs combined with pharmacotherapy than with pharmacotherapy alone (Hedges' g = -1.06, 95% CI: -1.70 to -0.42). Larger pooled effects were observed in low- and middle-income countries than in high-income countries (p = 0.029). Meta-regression showed control type (β = -0.414, p < 0.001) and total number of intervention sessions (β = -0.061, p = 0.043) explained 73.84% and 29.40% of between-study heterogeneity, respectively.
CONCLUSION: PPIs may have supportive or adjunctive value for suicide-related psychological outcomes, but evidence for suicide attempts, death by suicide, and longer-term effects remains limited.