Effects of elemental-based formulation on grain trace elements, amino acid profiles, antioxidant enzyme activities, gene expression and arsenic uptake in soil-grown rice under arsenic stress.

This study explores the potential of a selenium containing elemental-based formulation (EBF) to reduce arsenic (As) stress in soil-grown rice, with an emphasis on its effects on grain trace element concentration, amino acid profiles, antioxidant enzyme activities, and gene expression. In addition to changes in amino acid content and stress-related gene expression, rice plants exposed to arsenic showed notable decreases in antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, GPX, and CAT) and critical minerals (Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu). Increased mineral recovery (29-37%), increased antioxidant enzyme activity (up to 32%), and modification of amino acid and gene expression patterns linked to stress reduction were all significantly improved by EBF supplementation. These results imply that by reestablishing the balance of minerals and nutrients, strengthening antioxidant defense systems, and controlling molecular reactions, EBF can successfully increase rice's resistance to arsenic poisoning. With important ramifications for food safety and crop management in arsenic-affected areas, this research offers a viable method for lowering arsenic buildup in rice grains and increasing crop output under polluted settings.