Transcription factor OsWRKY10 drives a jasmonate-mediated defense amplification circuit constrained by Drought-Induced Protein 1 in rice defence against brown planthopper.

Phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) plays a central role in plant defense against herbivores by activating transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming. However, how JA-responsive transcription factors coordinate defense signaling and metabolic outputs remains incompletely understood. Here, we identify the WRKY transcription factor OsWRKY10 as an early JA-responsive regulator that enhances rice resistance to brown planthopper (BPH). OsWRKY10 expression is rapidly induced by BPH infestation in a MYC2-dependent manner. Overexpression of OsWRKY10 suppresses BPH feeding and oviposition, whereas wrky10 mutants exhibit increased susceptibility. Mechanistically, OsWRKY10 directly binds to the promoters of JA biosynthetic genes, including OsLOX6, which contributes to BPH-induced JA biosynthesis, thereby promoting JA accumulation and activating downstream defense responses. This MYC2-WRKY10-LOX6 module forms a positive feedback loop that amplifies JA signaling during herbivore attack. We further identify OsDIP1 as a negative regulator that interacts with OsWRKY10 and promotes its degradation, thereby attenuating OsWRKY10-dependent JA signaling. Consistently, dip1 mutants show enhanced resistance to BPH. Together, these findings reveal a JA-amplifying regulatory circuit centered on OsWRKY10 and fine-tuned by OsDIP1 to maintain defense homeostasis, providing new insights into how plants balance defense signal amplification and attenuation during herbivore defense.