Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation · 2024
Modal Register, Vocal Fry, and Uptalk: Identification and Perceptual Judgments of Inexperienced Listeners.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Загрузка состояния…
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Stewart Celia F, Kling Irene, D'Agosto Ashley
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to identify the accuracy with which graduate students in a department of communication sciences and disorders identify modal register, vocal fry, and uptalk presented in audio samples of female celebrity speakers, and to report these listeners' perceptual responses to a variety of attributes (eg, trustworthy, competent, educated).
STUDY DESIGN: This investigation was an anonymous online survey study.
METHODS: As part of an anonymous online survey, graduate students in a department of communicative sciences and disorders listened to training modules and then classified female voice samples according to the three features under investigation (ie, modal register, vocal fry, and uptalk). The listeners then appraised a variety of speaker attributes, including physical attractiveness, trustworthiness, competence, and level of education, based on the audio samples of connected speech.
RESULTS: The participants labeled voice samples of vocal fry with 85% accuracy, uptalk at 79% accuracy, and modal register only 51% of the time. Cohen's Kappa showed substantial agreement between the repeated ratings of modal register and a moderate agreement for repeated ratings of samples of vocal fry and uptalk. More raters identified speakers using the modal register positively across the attributes and occupations under investigation than voices produced in vocal fry and uptalk. Generalized estimating equation models (GEE) revealed statistically significant differences between modal register and vocal fry and modal register and uptalk for all perceptual attributes and occupations. However, there were no statistically significant differences found between vocal fry and uptalk for the attributes and occupations except for the occupation of actress, where the difference between vocal fry and uptalk was statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Training notwithstanding, the listeners had difficulty accurately identifying modal register despite their frequent exposure to that manner of phonation. They did, however, with a high level of accuracy, identify vocal fry and uptalk and were similar in their judgment of attributes to those vocal features. The listeners' responses revealed similar negative assumptions associated with vocal fry and uptalk and positive assessments of modal register. Our results raise questions rather than conclusions. If, as has been shown in previous studies, female speakers often speak in vocal fry and uptalk, why are their responses to those vocal features so negative? Are the cultural, sociolinguistic, and peer pressures so powerful that they override the individual's judgment?
STUDY DESIGN: This investigation was an anonymous online survey study.
METHODS: As part of an anonymous online survey, graduate students in a department of communicative sciences and disorders listened to training modules and then classified female voice samples according to the three features under investigation (ie, modal register, vocal fry, and uptalk). The listeners then appraised a variety of speaker attributes, including physical attractiveness, trustworthiness, competence, and level of education, based on the audio samples of connected speech.
RESULTS: The participants labeled voice samples of vocal fry with 85% accuracy, uptalk at 79% accuracy, and modal register only 51% of the time. Cohen's Kappa showed substantial agreement between the repeated ratings of modal register and a moderate agreement for repeated ratings of samples of vocal fry and uptalk. More raters identified speakers using the modal register positively across the attributes and occupations under investigation than voices produced in vocal fry and uptalk. Generalized estimating equation models (GEE) revealed statistically significant differences between modal register and vocal fry and modal register and uptalk for all perceptual attributes and occupations. However, there were no statistically significant differences found between vocal fry and uptalk for the attributes and occupations except for the occupation of actress, where the difference between vocal fry and uptalk was statistically significant.
CONCLUSIONS: Training notwithstanding, the listeners had difficulty accurately identifying modal register despite their frequent exposure to that manner of phonation. They did, however, with a high level of accuracy, identify vocal fry and uptalk and were similar in their judgment of attributes to those vocal features. The listeners' responses revealed similar negative assumptions associated with vocal fry and uptalk and positive assessments of modal register. Our results raise questions rather than conclusions. If, as has been shown in previous studies, female speakers often speak in vocal fry and uptalk, why are their responses to those vocal features so negative? Are the cultural, sociolinguistic, and peer pressures so powerful that they override the individual's judgment?