Voice and Speech Training for the Transgendered Patient: What the Otolaryngologist Should Know.

Vocal dysphoria is present for many transgender individuals. Voice goals are defined by each individual client. Voice modification work can be challenging for both clinicians and clients, involving both direct and indirect aspects of intervention. The latter are likely to be less known to otolaryngologists but can form a significant part of clinical practice for experienced speech pathologists. Varying experience levels of treating clinicians can in turn have a bearing on the vocal outcomes achieved by clients. Those who do seek surgical assistance benefit from appropriate presurgery speech and language therapy evaluation and postsurgical voice rehabilitation and treatment.