Collaborative innovations in diabetes self-care for individuals with type 2 diabetes and schizophrenia: A Participatory Design study developing a diagnosis-specific educational manual.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Individuals with schizophrenia are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to develop a tailored solution to address their complex diabetes care needs, based on insights from patients and healthcare professionals, to enhance self-care.

METHODS

Using a Participatory Design approach, we conducted three workshops and an evaluation, which included focus groups, interviews, and written feedback. Patients, healthcare professionals, and stakeholders actively participated in all stages of the process between May 2022 and December 2023. Iterative processes ensured comprehensive input in idea generation and concept development. Data analysis followed the steps of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The study is reported using SRQR framework.

RESULTS

Participants highlighted challenges such as navigating a fragmented healthcare system, undertreatment, and stigma. In response, a tailored educational manual for voluntary mentors was developed. This two-day training program equips mentors to support individuals with type 2 diabetes and schizophrenia, fostering collaboration and bridging the gap between psychiatric and somatic care.

CONCLUSIONS

A co-designed approach may enhance diabetes self-care and improve coordination between healthcare sectors.