The management of non-infectious complications of penile implant surgery-a narrative review.

Penile implant surgery is a well-established treatment for erectile dysfunction. While patient and partner satisfaction rates are high, any non-infectious complication can significantly affect functional outcomes, revision rates and long-term device survival. This narrative review synthesises contemporary evidence on the prevention, recognition and management of non-infectious complications across the pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative phases of penile implant surgery. A structured search of PubMed from 1980 to 2024 identified 38 relevant articles. Infectious complications were excluded as they represent a distinct clinical entity with separate diagnostic and therapeutic pathways and have been extensively reviewed elsewhere. This narrative review aims to provide a consolidated, practical resource for penile prosthetic surgeons by integrating anatomical considerations, technical pitfalls and evidence-based versus expert-based recommendations with prevention strategies and early recognition of non-infectious complications, the key component in optimizing long-term outcomes.