Patient-centered approach to managing factor XIII deficiency.

Factor XIII (FXIII) is a thrombin-activated protransglutaminase that plays a key role in blood clot formation. Congenital FXIII A-subunit deficiency represents a rare bleeding disorder that affects one in 2-3 million individuals worldwide and is treated with recombinant FXIII (rFXIII). However, due to the rarity of the disease, clinicians are often left to weigh individual variation in FXIII activity and/or symptoms to optimally guide dosing. Cases often become further complicated when patients experience refractory bleeding, which can be difficult to treat. This report describes an approach to rFXIII dosing in two patients who required deviation from standard protocols to maintain therapeutic FXIII troughs. We highlight limitations in our understanding of FXIII deficiency management, while also providing an example of the application of pharmacokinetic data to individualise therapy for improved outcomes. Finally, the case reminds us of the importance of patient-centered, cost-conscious care and multidisplinary teamwork in complex cases.